Democratic Republic of Congo 

South Sudan

Between the late 1960s and 1990s, in an era known as the Troubles, Northern Ireland experienced significant violence that pitted the historically dominant British Protestant unionists against the Irish Catholic nationalists.

Following Kenya’s disputed 2007 elections, widespread violence broke out, ultimately killing more than one thousand people and leaving at least three hundred thousand people displaced over the course of a few weeks.

After the 1989 coup in which Charles Taylor assumed the presidency, Liberia spiraled into two successive waves of armed violence, the second of which killed over two hundred thousand people and displaced nearly two million people.

In 2011, protests against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s regime quickly escalated into a full-scale armed conflict between anti-government rebel groups and the Syrian government. Outside parties have significantly intervened, particularly as the self-proclaimed Islamic State expanded from Iraq into Syria.

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Guatemala’s 1996 peace accords concluded a bloody thirty-six-year civil war. The negotiated cease-fire reached between government forces and leftist insurgent groups ended a conflict in which over two hundred thousand civilians—primarily indigenous Mayans—were killed or forcibly disappeared, and hundreds of thousands of people were displaced. In the early 1980s, at the height of the conflict, over six thousand armed combatants fought a guerrilla war, supported by between two hundred and fifty thousand and five hundred thousand loyalists to the four principal guerrilla groups involved.

Burundi

Libreville Comprehensive Peace Agreement